After spreading the permeable layer, adhesive layer, and laying the lower sealing layer according to regulations on the qualified base layer, the mixture can be spread. Firstly, carry out construction layout. Accurate construction layout should avoid the heavy impact of the benchmark steel line, and the longitudinal spacing of the steel pillars should not be too large, usually 5-10 meters, and should be tightened with a wire tensioner. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen monitoring to prevent on-site personnel from disturbing and causing fluctuations in the paving surface. Before paving, it is necessary to conduct timely inspections of indicators such as columns, cross slope, and thickness, and promptly handle any problems found.

攤鋪機攤鋪速度勻速行使不間斷，借以減少波浪和施工縫，試驗人員隨時檢測成品料的配比和瀝青含量，及時反饋拌和廠，及時調整。設專人消除粗細集料離析現(xiàn)象，如發(fā)現(xiàn)粗集料窩應予鏟除，并用新料填補。此項工作必須在碾壓之前進行，嚴禁用薄層貼補法找平，以免貼補層在使用過程中脫落壓碎，引起面層推移破裂。

The paver runs at a uniform speed without interruption to reduce waves and construction joints. Testers constantly monitor the proportion of finished materials and asphalt content, and provide timely feedback to the mixing plant for timely adjustment. Assign a dedicated person to eliminate the segregation of coarse and fine aggregates. If any coarse aggregate pits are found, they should be removed and filled with new materials. This work must be carried out before rolling, and it is strictly prohibited to use the thin layer patching method to level it, in order to prevent the patching layer from falling off and crushing during use, causing the surface layer to move and break.

攤鋪中的質量缺陷主要有：厚度不均，平整度差（小波浪，臺階），混合料離析、裂紋、拉溝等。

The quality defects in paving mainly include uneven thickness, poor flatness (small waves, steps), mixture segregation, cracks, and grooves.

①粉料過多，溫度不當，砂石未完全烘干，機械猛烈起步和緊急剎車，刮料護板安裝不當均可引起裂紋。

① Excessive powder, improper temperature, incomplete drying of sand and gravel, violent mechanical starting and emergency braking, and improper installation of scraper protection plates can all cause cracks.

②瀝青含量過多或過少，礦粉含量不足；骨料尺寸與攤鋪厚度不協(xié)調；振搗梁與熨平板的相互位置調整不當，振搗梁、熨平板底面磨損；刮料護板安裝不當，熨平板接縫處理不當?shù)纫鹄瓬稀?br />

② Excessive or insufficient asphalt content and insufficient mineral powder content; Incoordination between aggregate size and paving thickness; Improper adjustment of the mutual position between the vibrating beam and the ironing plate, resulting in wear on the bottom surface of the vibrating beam and ironing plate; Improper installation of the scraper guard board, improper handling of the joints of the ironing plate, etc. may cause pulling grooves.

③供料速度不勻；機械起步和剎車過猛；攤鋪速度不均勻；熨平板工作迎角調整過當攤鋪機發(fā)動機或驅動鏈條松緊度未調好均會引起小波浪。

③ Uneven feeding speed; Mechanical starting and excessive braking; Uneven paving speed; If the angle of attack of the ironing plate is adjusted too much, it will cause small waves when the engine or driving chain of the paver is not properly tightened.

④熨平板底面磨損或嚴重變型時，鋪層容易產(chǎn)生裂紋和拉溝，故應及時變換。有時熨平板的工作迎角太小，也會使鋪層的兩邊形成裂紋或拉溝。調整熨平板的前緣拱度，并在試鋪中多次調整，直到能鋪出具有良好的鋪層為止。如果多次調整仍消除不了上述缺陷，就應該更換熨平板的底板。當?shù)V料中的大顆粒尺寸大于攤鋪厚度時，在攤鋪過程中該大顆粒將被熨平板拖著滾動，使鋪層產(chǎn)生裂紋、掛溝等。所以應嚴格控制礦料粒徑，使其最大尺寸在規(guī)范之內(nèi)?；旌狭系呐浔炔划?，會產(chǎn)生全鋪層的裂縫，因為振搗梁在攤鋪過程中混合料進行搗實的同時，還要將它向前推移。如果混合料的大顆粒過多，就會出現(xiàn)全鋪層的大裂縫。為了消除這種裂縫，有時可將熨平板加熱進行熱熨，但大多數(shù)情況下需要改變混合料的配比。

④ When the bottom surface of the ironing plate is worn or severely deformed, the laying layer is prone to cracks and grooves, so it should be changed in a timely manner. Sometimes the working angle of attack of the ironing plate is too small, which can also cause cracks or grooves to form on both sides of the layer. Adjust the camber of the front edge of the ironing plate and adjust it multiple times during the trial laying until a good laying layer can be achieved. If the above defects cannot be eliminated after multiple adjustments, the bottom plate of the ironing plate should be replaced. When the size of large particles in the ore material is greater than the paving thickness, the large particles will be dragged and rolled by the iron plate during the paving process, causing cracks, hanging grooves, and other defects in the paving layer. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the particle size of the ore material to ensure that its maximum size is within the specifications. Improper mixing of the mixture can lead to cracks in the entire paving layer, as the vibrating beam must move the mixture forward while compacting it during the paving process. If there are too many large particles in the mixture, large cracks in the entire layer will appear. In order to eliminate such cracks, sometimes the iron plate can be heated for hot pressing, but in most cases, it is necessary to change the ratio of the mixture.

⑤輪胎攤鋪機氣壓超限（一般為0.5~0.55mpa），攤鋪機宜打滑；氣壓過低，機體會隨礦料重量變化而上下變動，使攤鋪層出現(xiàn)波浪。履帶式攤鋪機履帶松緊超限將導致攤鋪速度發(fā)生沖脈，進而使鋪面出現(xiàn)搓板。履帶或輪胎的行駛線上因卸料而灑落的粒料未清除，該部分攤鋪厚度易突變。

⑤ The air pressure of the tire paver exceeds the limit (usually 0.5-0.55mpa), and the paver should slip; If the air pressure is too low, the body will fluctuate up and down with the weight of the mineral material, causing waves in the paving layer. Excessive tightness of the track of a tracked paver will cause a pulsation in the paving speed, resulting in the appearance of washboards on the pavement. The granular material scattered on the driving line of the track or tire due to unloading is not removed, and the paving thickness of this part is prone to sudden changes.

⑥被頂攤的運料車剎車太緊，使攤鋪機負荷增大，或料車倒退撞擊攤鋪機或單側輪接觸、另側脫空等會引起速度變化或偏載，使鋪面出現(xiàn)凸楞。施工中往往第一、二車料質量較差，注意取舍或調劑使用。

⑥ The brake of the top paver is too tight, causing an increase in the load on the paver, or the reverse impact of the paver or the contact of one side wheel, or the other side becoming empty, which can cause speed changes or eccentric loads, causing bumps on the pavement. During construction, the quality of the first and second batch of materials is often poor, so pay attention to choosing or adjusting the use.

⑦自動熨平裝置中，掛線不緊，中間出現(xiàn)撓度，會引起鋪層波浪。

⑦ In the automatic ironing device, if the hanging line is not tight and there is a deflection in the middle, it will cause the laying wave.

⑧采用冷茬法攤鋪時，其縱向接茬由于密實度不夠，行車不久往往會出現(xiàn)坑洼和裂縫。因此必須注意接茬的重疊量，并在前一條攤鋪帶未被弄臟或變型之前就攤鋪后一條。

⑧ When using the cold stubble method for paving, due to insufficient density in the longitudinal joints, potholes and cracks often appear shortly after driving. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the overlap of the joints and pave the next strip before the previous strip is dirty or deformed.